Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticle LED-synthesized using Citrus maxima peels

Silver nanoparticles have garnered significant attention in research and applications due to their unique properties. The synthesis of these has aligned with the principles green chemistry, utilizing environmentally-friendly materials techniques. In this study, silver were synthesized using Citrus maxima peel extract blue LED irradiation. pectin, flavonoids, phenolic acids C. acted as effective reductants primary stabilizers for nanoparticle formation. influence different light-emitting diodes irradiation time on was investigated. Ideal conditions formation observed assistance 120 min. Characterization techniques such transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed successful spherical an average size 12.2 nm. antibacterial activity evaluated against four bacterial strains: Lactobacillus fermentum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica. exhibited stronger inhibitory effects gram-negative compared gram-positive bacteria, half-maximal concentrations 9.4, 18.1, 73.3, 88.5 pM P. L. S. enterica, respectively. These findings highlight potential bio-synthesized small high activity.